Day 092 - 27 Feb 95 - Page 11

     
     1        nutrition of the animal; the more we know about it the
     2        better we can formulate a diet that will be most adequate
     3        for that type of environment.  If it is hot, if it is cold,
     4        you target the diet towards that.
     5
     6   Q.   Is that for faster growth?
     7        A.  Absolutely.
     8
     9   Q.   What goes into the feed for pigs apart from corn?
    10        A.  OK.  Pigs are omnivores.  They will eat anything, but
    11        mostly part of, let us say, a commercial farmer will use
    12        mostly corn and then will use little bit of fibre, could be
    13        any source, depending on what is available at the best cost
    14        at that time.  They could use some of the by-products of
    15        the industry from vegetables to grains from the breweries,
    16        from waste of a lettuce, for instance, in a plant or tomato
    17        the pulp, whatever is available from the by-product
    18        industry that is close by.
    19
    20   Q.   What about by-products from the slaughter industry?
         A.  They could use some of the meal, meal by-products, yes.
    22
    23   Q.   Meal?
    24        A.  Yes, could be bonemeal, a little bit of bonemeal.  That
    25        is the only thing I know.
    26
    27   Q.   What about offal and things like that?
    28        A.  Usually that is sent to pet food.  I have not seen
    29        offal into the diets for hogs.
    30
    31   Q.   Never?
    32        A.  Not in hogs, no.
    33
    34   Q.   Has that always been the case, so for as you are aware?
    35        A.  No, I said I have not seen it.  It can be used, if you
    36        want to use it.  It is a source of protein.  It is usually
    37        processed into a meal that it can be fed to animals, but
    38        usually the most productive species that you can feed to is
    39        pet foods.  It goes into pet foods, most of it.
    40
    Q.   Is it something that was routinely fed to livestock five
    42        years ago?
    43        A.  Routinely, no.
    44
    45   Q.   Or regularly?
    46        A.  No, it could be used some fish meal which is the
    47        bonemeal which is a source of calcium.  That has been used.
    48
    49   Q.   Do all the trucks that are used to transport pigs have
    50        hydraulic platforms? 
    51        A.  That depends.  It is a such a wide question.  There are 
    52        farmers that put their hogs in the back of a pickup. 
    53
    54   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  If it is one of the farmers you supposed with
    55        few hogs, as you call them, presumably, they either go in
    56        the back of a pickup or in some kind of, perhaps, quite
    57        small trailer?
    58        A.  Yes.
    59
    60   Q.   Is that possible?