Day 040 - 21 Oct 94 - Page 22

     
     1        cancer in 13 out of a test group of 15 rats."
     2
     3        Yesterday in court, in answering the questions of
     4        Mr. Morris -- my Lord, this is page 14, line 44 -- you were
     5        being asked about Amaranth, you said:  "Amaranth and
     6        carcinogenicity.  The main focus of the debate -- sorry,
     7        one of the main focuses of the debate about the
     8        carcinogenicity of Amaranth has been concerned with the
     9        issue of its suspected carcinogenicity in laboratory
    10        animals.
    11
    12        A study was conducted or several studies were conducted in
    13        what was then the Soviet Union reported in the early 70s
    14        and Adrianova reported that two per cent of Amaranth, which
    15        was then a standard dose in such tests, caused cancer in 13
    16        out of 15 rats", which is to the same effect as your
    17        written report, is it not?
    18        A.  It is.
    19
    20   MS. STEEL:  For the record, could you just say what page of the
         transcript that was?
    22
    23   MR. RAMPTON:  I did say.
    24
    25   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  He did say.  It is page 14, line 44 he
    26        started, 20th October.
    27
    28   MR. RAMPTON:  Please turn, if you have it up there, to the first
    29        volume of your references and reference 10 which is
    30        Adrianova's report?
    31        A.  Which volume am I?
    32
    33   Q.   It is a pale green volume III.
    34        A.  Tab number?
    35
    36   Q.   Tab 10, please.
    37        A.  Yes.
    38
    39   Q.   I should add before I ask you to look at that, I should
    40        have read this.  In court yesterday you went on at line 56
         at page 14:  "Now, a group of 15 rats is relatively small
    42        and that would fall short of the standards required of a
    43        proper carcinogenicity study in this day and age.  But even
    44        then and now it is extremely rare to find a compound
    45        capable of causing, apparently causing, cancer in such a
    46        large proportion of that group of rats as we find they
    47        reported there -- forgive me, as she reported there."  13
    48        out of 15 would be a very striking proportion, would it
    49        not, Dr. Millstone?
    50        A.  Yes. 
    51 
    52   Q.   Please turn to the last page of this Russian report where 
    53        we see a summary in English of what, in fact, the Russians
    54        said they had found.  It is right at the bottom of the page
    55        numbered 64:  "For 33 months non-imbred rates were fed on
    56        red food dyes - Amaranth, purple SX and purple 4R given in
    57        a dose comprising 2 per cent of the food ration weight.  In
    58        the group of rats receiving Amaranth 15 tumours developed
    59        in 13 (27.1 per cent) among 48 animals having survived by
    60        the time of the appearance of the first tumour."