Day 019 - 27 Jul 94 - Page 22

     
     1        but I am only putting that over as conjecture.
 
     2   Q.   Going back to the birds, is there any other natural
              behaviour they cannot exhibit in a broiler unit?
     3        A.  In comparison with outdoors, is that your question?
 
     4   Q.   Yes.
              A.  In comparison with outdoors.
     5
         Q.   Yes.
     6        A.  No, but if you can prompt me I could perhaps embellish
              on it.
     7
         Q.   Right.
     8
         MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Since you are talking anyway we will take
     9        our five minutes and then continue.
 
    10   MR. MORRIS:  If Mr. Gregory can think of any -----
 
    MR. JUSTICE BELL:  If anything occurs to you.  You may be being
              asked to measure it against jungle fowl.  But it would
    12        help me, if you can imagine if they still exist, the
              farmyard hen.  I do not know.  Have I remembered the names
    13        rightly, like Rhode Island Red, things of that kind, which
              is treated as a laying a bird, then traditionally probably
    14        ended up being eaten at the end of its days, or towards
              the end of its days, what sort of activity that animal
    15        would find natural which the broiler is not allowed to do?
              A.  I understand.
    16                            (Short Adjournment)
 
    17   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Have you come up with anything?
              A.  Yes.  I can offer one definite and one possible, if
    18        that is any help.  One has almost been covered before, but
              I think if you had, say, laying hens outdoors, they would
    19        spend a bit of time sunbathing.  They do have a
              predilection, so it seems, to sunbathe.  This is not
    20        possible indoors, at least -- unless if they are open
              sides.  Another feature of hen behaviour is they spend a
         lot of time pecking at substrates, scratching, as part of
              an overall foraging behaviour.  This is allowed or it can
    22        be performed in indoor intensive units.  However, the
              circumstances are not conducive to encouraging it because
    23        there is only one substrate to go for and that is the
              environment/index.html">litter.  That is not actually a restriction, but it is not
    24        an encouragement.
 
    25   MS. STEEL:   It does not make it very pleasurable?
              A.  It does not enhance that normal behaviour pattern, or 
    26        the normal behaviour pattern may not be expressed to its 
              full extent. 
    27
         Q.   As another example of a normal pattern of behaviour, in
    28        chickens -- chickens normally, do they have some kind of
              family structure or what would happen to the chickens
    29        after they had hatched in normal circumstances?
              A.  That is a good point.  In a family situation there
    30        would be some parental care.  Chicks, for example, would
              show distinct following behaviour for the hatch mates and