Day 010 - 11 Jul 94 - Page 17


     
     1        States public policy process that Benzyne has these
              properties, these health consequences, when people are
     2        exposed to it.
 
     3   Q.   Are there any implications for working conditions in the
              production of polystyrene?
     4        A.  Well, there have been studies in this case.  I would
              refer you to the report entitled Styrene Migration into
     5        Human Adipose Tissue.
 
     6   MR. JUSTICE BELL:  Can we just pause there?  Are you saying
              that Benzyne, being part of the production of polystyrene,
     7        is linked to leukaemia?
              A.  Yes, I am saying that Benzyne in any case is linked to
     8        leukaemia.
 
     9   Q.   But if I sit in a motor car, I am surrounded by Benzyne?
              A.  In a motor car, if you are smelling petroleum fumes,
    10        then you would have Benzyne as a component of those fumes.
 
    11   Q.   Yes.
              A.  It is true that Benzyne is used as a building block
    12        for a wide variety of chemicals.  The central point is
              that Benzyne is a known cause of leukaemia.  It is a very
    13        dangerous substance.
 
    14   Q.   But are you pointing to a document which says not only
              Benzyne is a part of the manufacture of polystyrene but
    15        Benzyne, being a part of the manufacture of polystyrene,
              is linked to leukaemia?  That is what I want to
    16        understand.
              A.  OK.  The point I believe you are raising is -- please
    17        correct me if I am wrong -- the question that I understand
              you to be asking me is:  Am I saying that Benzyne is a
    18        problem in the food package itself?
 
    19   Q.   No, I just want to know if Benzyne is associated
              anywhere.  I thought you were talking about the
    20        manufacture?
              A.  Yes, that is correct.
    21
         Q.   Benzyne, associated with polystyrene foam food packaging,
    22        is linked to leukaemia?
              A.  I believe what I have said is that Benzyne is known to
    23        cause leukaemia, that Benzyne -- again through your
              question, as I said, Benzyne is used as a building block
    24        in a lot of different chemicals and chemical products --
              but that Benzyne is used in the manufacture of styrofoam
    25        food packaging or, if you prefer, polystyrene foam food
              packaging. 
    26 
         MR. MORRIS:  Is the problem the waste produced by the 
    27        manufacturing process and that some Benzyne will be
              emitted from production processes as waste?
    28        A.  Well, Benzyne is identified as a waste product in the
              manufacturing process by this report.  It is also
    29        identified as a chemical precursor in the manufacture of
              polystyrene, so that when you look at a list such as the
    30        USEPA minimisation report list, you are not simply looking
               -- when you look at the waste produced during the

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